About InvestingGym Reports

Who writes them

I am Emanuel Balsa, a finance educator and researcher in Portugal. I run InvestingGym, where I teach people how markets work and how emotions move our money decisions. My academic research on IPOs is published under the name Ricardo Emanuel-Correia.

How a report is made

1. Public filings first. Numbers come from the company's own annual and quarterly reports, plus other sources named under each table and chart.
2. The same 10 questions every time. Each company goes through a value-investor scorecard: moat, return on capital, growth, cash, debt, price and more. Each question gets a green, amber or red light with a fixed rule.
3. One grade out of 20. The lights add up to a grade. It is the result of the rules, not my opinion of what you should do.
4. Your own thresholds. Members can change the rules in the threshold lab and the valuation lab, and see how the result moves.
5. Honest about my shares. Every report says at the top whether I hold the stock.

Why

Most people buy shares from a headline or a tip. I want you to read the numbers yourself, in plain English, with a method you can repeat on any company.

Reports are educational, not investment advice. See the disclaimer. Questions: help@investinggym.com.